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- Evolutionism pe intelesul tuturor
Evolutionism si science fiction |
Critica de film |
Scris de Ninel Ganea |
Marţi, 21 Iunie 2011 22:16 |
In topul filmelor cu cele mai mari incasari din istoria cinematografiei figureaza la loc de cinste productiile science-fiction. Avatar, Razboiul Stelelor sau ET sunt productiile situate in partea de sus a clasamentului incasarilor, in timp ce in televiziune un serial ca Star Trek a devenit deja legendar intinzandu-se pe perioada mai multor generatii. Reiese ca publicul gusta din plin acest gen, probabil si datorita imbinarii dintre predictiile mai mult sau mai putin inocente si mirajul tehnologic etalat din abundenta. Insa ceea ce mi se pare relevant in toate aceste filme este filozofia generala propusa in spatele artificiilor stilistice, a confruntarii gnostice dintre bine si rau, si a vedetelor atletice costumate in personaje supranaturale.
Creatorul Star Trek, Gene Roddenberry, declara intr-un interviu ca serialul reprezinta: “mult mai mult decat filozofia mea politica. Este filozofia mea sociala, filozofia mea rasiala, conceptia mea generala asupra vietii si conditiei umane”. Care este de pilda gandirea politica din Star Trek? Filmul ne prezinta o lume aflata sub conducerea unui singur guvern tehnocratic planetar, sub numele de “Federatia”, iar autorul ne asigura ca statele au facut deja cercetari (?) pentru realizarea “profetiilor” din serial. De asemenea, in ceea ce priveste religia cineastul face aprecieri la fel de interesante: “As nearly as I can concentrate on the question today, I believe I am God; certainly you are, I think we intelligent beings on this planet are all a piece of God, are becoming God”. Si daca totusi va intrebati cam care ar fi religia autodeificarii, susceptibila sa se plieze pe crezul science fiction, raspunsul vine la fel de transant: scientologia, adica acel talmes-balmes de darwinism, nave extraterestre, John Travolta, Tom Cruise si Katie Holmes. “Today there exists one highly effective religion actually derived from science fiction, one which fits all the known sociological requirements for a successful Church of God Galactic. I refer of course to Scientology” (William Simms Bainbridge, citat in “The Ascendancy of Scientific Dictatorship”). Ca orice cult care se respecta, si acesta a suferit diviziuni si schisme, cea mai celebra dintre ele ducand la aparitia unei biserici sataniste. Fondatorul acestei miscari argumenta ca teologia sa se bazeaza pe Hegel: tezei (Divinitatea) i se opune antiteza (Satana) si rezulta sinteza (renasterea lui Dumnezeu)... In aceeasi ordine de idei, merita subliniat faptul ca desi contin o puternica incarcatura scientista, elementele religioase nu dispar in productiile stiintifico-fantastice. Diferenta esentiala consta in transformarea sensibilitatii religioase traditionale dinspre un Dumnezeu personal catre Om inteles ca supraom. “Universul SF este cu totul secularizat, desi în el se amestecă adesea nuante oculte sau orientale. “Dumnezeu”, atunci când este mentionat, este prezentat ca o putere vagă si lipsită de contur, iar nu ca o fiintă personală (de ex. “Forta” din Războiul Stelelor, o energie cosmică care are atât un aspect pozitiv cât si unul negativ)... În centrul universului SF nu se mai situează Dumnezeu, ci omul, dar nu omul asa cum îl cunoastem noi astăzi, ci asa cum va “deveni” el în viitor, conform mitologiei evolutioniste moderne. Desi eroii povestirilor SF sunt în general oameni obisnuiti, nu ei sunt cei care ies în prim plan, ci întâlnirile lor cu diferite tipuri de “supraoameni” ce reprezintă rase “supraevoluate” ale viitorului (sau uneori ale trecutului) care de cele mai multe ori provin “din alte galaxii””, descria fenomenul SF Parintele Seraphim Rose in “Ortodoxia si religia viitorului”. Tema evolutiei reprezinta o constanta a genului si este practic armatura teoretica pe care se cladesc povestile fantastice. Miza initiala pare a fi o varianta moderna a promisiunii sarpelui din Gradina Paradisului “vi se vor deschide ochii si veti fi ca Dumnezu”. Vladimir Moss rezuma astfel aceasta filozofie: “As man is a product of evolution from the lower animals, so his social and religious and political institutions are in a process of constant upward evolution…. The only unchanging, ineluctable fact is the fact of the revolution – the social revolution, the political revolution, the religious revolution, and above all the scientific revolution upon which all the other revolutions are based. Therefore the only unforgivable sin (if it is not simply a kind of illness, which can be treated by drug-therapy in a psychiatric hospital) is the sin of counter-revolution, the sin of being bigoted, intolerant of change, out-of-date”. Iar celor inca neincrezatori cu privire la descrierile de mai sus sau insuficient de atenti la miza finala a dezbaterii sa lasam maestrul sa traga concluziile: “At some future period, not very distant as measured by centuries, the civilized races of man will almost certainly exterminate, and replace, the savage races throughout the world. At the same time the anthropological apes … will no doubt be exterminated. The break between man and his nearest allies will then be wider, for it will intervene between man in a more civilized state … even than the Caucasian, and some ape as low as a baboon, instead of now between the Negro or Australian and the gorilla” (Charles Darwin – Descent of man)
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